Methylformiat
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Methylformiat Eigenschaften
- Schmelzpunkt:
- -100 °C (lit.)
- Siedepunkt:
- 32-34 °C (lit.)
- Dichte
- 0.974 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
- Dampfdichte
- 2.1 (vs air)
- Dampfdruck
- 32.91 psi ( 55 °C)
- Brechungsindex
- n
20/D 1.343(lit.)
- Flammpunkt:
- −16 °F
- storage temp.
- Store below +30°C.
- L?slichkeit
- 300g/l, 25% soluble in water, miscible with alcohol, Propylene glycol, Glycerin and oils.
- Aggregatzustand
- Liquid
- Farbe
- Clear colorless
- Geruch (Odor)
- Pleasant; agreeable.
- PH
- 4-5 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
- Explosionsgrenze
- 5-23%(V)
- Odor Threshold
- 130ppm
- Biologische Quelle
- synthetic
- Geruchsart
- fruity
- Wasserl?slichkeit
- 300 G/L (20 ºC)
- maximale Wellenl?nge (λmax)
- λ: 259 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.70
λ: 265 nm Amax: 0.20
λ: 270 nm Amax: 0.04
λ: 310-400 nm Amax: 0.01
- Merck
- 14,6077
- BRN
- 1734623
- Henry's Law Constant
- 0.90 at 5.00 °C, 1.18 at 10.00 °C, 1.51 at 15.00 °C, 1.91 at 20.00 °C, 2.36 at 25.00 °C (column stripping-UV, Kutsuna et al., 2005)
- Expositionsgrenzwerte
- TLV-TWA 100 ppm (~250 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); TLV-STEL 150 ppm (~375 mg/m3) (ACGIH); IDLH 5000 ppm (NIOSH).
- Dielectric constant
- 8.5(20℃)
- Stabilit?t:
- Stable. Extremely flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point and very wide explosion limits. Incompatible with oxidizing agents.
- LogP
- -0.21 at 25℃
- CAS Datenbank
- 107-31-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST chemische Informationen
- Methyl formate(107-31-3)
- EPA chemische Informationen
- Methyl formate (107-31-3)
Sicherheit
- Risiko- und Sicherheitserkl?rung
- Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gef?hrlicher | F+,Xn | ||
---|---|---|---|
R-S?tze: | 12-20/22-36/37 | ||
S-S?tze: | 9-16-24-26-33 | ||
RIDADR | UN 1243 3/PG 1 | ||
OEB | A | ||
OEL | TWA: 100 ppm (250 mg/m3), STEL: 150 ppm (375 mg/m3) | ||
WGK Germany | 1 | ||
RTECS-Nr. | LQ8925000 | ||
Selbstentzündungstemperatur | 842 °F | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
HS Code | 2915 13 00 | ||
HazardClass | 3 | ||
PackingGroup | I | ||
Giftige Stoffe Daten | 107-31-3(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
Toxizit?t | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1500 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 4000 mg/kg | ||
IDLA | 4,500 ppm |
Bildanzeige (GHS) |
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Sicherheit |
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Methylformiat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die D?mpfe sind schwerer als Luft und k?nnen sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung m?glich. Die D?mpfe mischen sich leicht mit Luft. Bildung explosionsf?higer Gemische.CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln.ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 100 ppm (als TWA); 150 ppm (als STEL); (ACGIH 2005).MAK: 50 ppm, 120 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(4); Hautresorption; Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe und durch Verschlucken.INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut. Der Dampf reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. ?rztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Umgebungsluftunabh?ngiges Atemschutzger?t.R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R12:Hochentzündlich.R20/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R36/37:Reizt die Augen und die Atmungsorgane.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Beh?lter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S24:Berührung mit der Haut vermeiden.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S33:Ma?nahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
HCOOCH3; charakteristisch riechende, farblose Flüssigkeit.Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Hochentzündlich. Vorsicht: Siedepunkt (32oC) liegt im Bereich möglicher Raumtemperaturen! Dämpfe bilden explosive Gemische mit Luft. Die schweren Dämpfe können eine beträchtliche Entfernung zu einer Zündquelle überbrücken. Heftige Reaktionen mit Oxidationsmitteln möglich.Die Einatmung des Dampfes wirkt narkotisch, zugleich auch reizend auf die Schleimhäute des Respirationstraktes. Die mitunter verzögert einsetzenden Symptome sind Brennen der Augen, der Nasen- und Rachenschleimhäute und der Haut. Größere Dosen können bei längerer Einwirkung Leber- und Nierenschäden sowie Lungenödem hervorrufen. Bei wiederholtem Hautkontakt tereten häufig Dermatiden auf.
Schutzma?nahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Verwendung nur unter dem Abzug. An gut gelüftetem Ort aufbewahren. Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.Neopen-Handschuhe (nur kurzfristiger Spritzschutz!).
Vorbeugender Hautschutz durch Hautschutzsalbe.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Bei Verschütten: Kleine Spritzer verdampfen lassen, größere Mengen mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material (z.B. Sand, Kieselgur, Universalbinder) aufnehmen und der Entsorgung zuführen.Wassernebel, Schaum, Kohlendioxid, Löschpulver.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit Wasser und Seife abwaschen.Nach Augenkontakt: Bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mit viel Wasser mindestens 10 Minuten spülen spülen. Augenarzt aufsuchen.
Nach Einatmen: Verletzten an die frische Luft bringen. Arzt aufsuchen.
Nach Verschlucken: Bei Verschlucken Wasser trinken lassen. Kein Erbrechen einleiten.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Benetzte Kleidung ausziehen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Abfallbehälter für halogenfreie organische LösungsmittelBeschreibung
Methyl Formate, also known as methyl methanoate, is the methyl ester of formic acid. The simplest example of an ester, it is a clear liquid with an ethereal odour, high vapor pressure, and low surface tension. It is an aromatic compound found in apples (Neubeller and Buchloh, 1986), and was identified as a volatile constituent in brewed, roasted, and dried coffee (Lovell et al., 1980); Methyl formate is used primarily to manufacture formamide, dimethylformamide, and formic acid. It is also used as a solvent for quick-drying finishes such as lacquers and in organic synthesis.Chemische Eigenschaften
Methyl formate is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Its solubility in water is 230 g/l at 25 °C (Riddick et al., 1985), but it reacts slowly with water to form formic acid and methyl alcohol (DOT, 1984). It is soluble in ether, chloroform, and is miscible with ethanol (Lide, 2000).Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless, mobile liquid with a pleasant, etheral odor. An odor threshold concentration of 130 ppmv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).Verwenden
Methyl formate is used as a fumigant, as alarvicide for food crops, and as a solvent forcellulose acetate.Vorbereitung Methode
In the laboratory, methyl formate can be produced by the condensation reaction of methanol and formic acid, as follows:HCOOH + CH3OH → HCOOCH3 + H2O
Industrial methyl formate, however, is usually produced by the combination of methanol and carbon monoxide (carbonylation) in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium methoxide :
CH3OH + CO → HCOOCH3
This process, practiced commercially by BASF among other companies gives 96 % selectivity toward methyl formate, although it can suffer from catalyst sensitivity to water, which can be present in the carbon monoxide feedstock, commonly derived from synthesis gas. Very dry carbon monoxide is, therefore, an essential requirement.
Definition
ChEBI: Methyl formate is a formate ester resulting from the formal condensation of formic acid with methanol. A low-boiling (31.5 ℃) colourless, flammable liquid, it has been used as a fumigant and larvicide for tobacco and food crops. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent, a fumigant, an insecticide and a refrigerant. It is a formate ester, a methyl ester and a volatile organic compound. It is functionally related to a methanol.Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with an agreeable odor. Flash point -27°F. Less dense than water Vapors heavier than air.Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Water soluble. Reacts slowly with water to give formic acid, a corrosive material, and methanol, a flammable liquid. Both products are dissolved in the water.Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Methyl formate reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides.Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire and explosionrisk, explosive limits in air 5.9–20%. Eye, upperand lower respiratory tract irritant.Health Hazard
Methyl formate is a moderately toxic com pound affecting eyes, respiratory tract, andcentral nervous system. It is an irritant tothe eyes, nose, and lungs. Exposure to highconcentrations of its vapors in air may pro duce visual disturbances, irritations, narcoticeffects, and respiratory distress in humans.Such effects may be manifested at a 1-hourexposure to about 10,000-ppm concentration.Cats died of pulmonary edema from 2-hourexposure to this concentrationThe acute oral toxicity of methyl formatewas low in test subjects. The symptoms werenarcosis, visual disturbances, and dyspnea.An oral LD50 value in rabbit is in the range1600 mg/kg..
Brandgefahr
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by ingestion. Inhalation of vapor can cause irritation to nasal passages and conjunctiva, optic neuritis, narcosis, retching, and death from pulmonary irritation. Industrial fatalities have occurred only with exposure to high concentrations. Flammable liquid. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Reacts with methanol + sodium methoxide to form an explosive product. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.m?gliche Exposition
Methyl formate is used as a solvent; as an intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacture; and as a fumigantEnvironmental Fate
Photolytic. Methyl formate, formed from the irradiation of dimethyl ether in the presence of chlorine, degraded to carbon dioxide, water, and small amounts of formic acid. Continued irradiation degraded formic acid to carbon dioxide, water, and hydrogen chloride (Kallos and Tou, 1977; Good et al., 1999).A rate constant of 2.27 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec was reported for the reaction of methyl formate and OH radicals in the atmosphere (Atkinson, 1989).
Chemical/Physical. Hydrolyzes slowly in water forming methanol and formic acid (NIOSH, 1997). Hydrolysis half-lives reported at 25 °C: 0.91 h at pH 9, 9.1 h at pH 8, 2.19 d at pH 7, and 21.9 d at pH 6 (Mabey and Mill, 1978).
l?uterung methode
Wash the formate with strong aqueous Na2CO3, dry it with solid Na2CO3 and distil it from P2O5. (Procedure removes free alcohol or acid.) [Beilstein 2 IV 20.]Inkompatibilit?ten
May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Reacts slowly with water to form methanol and formic acid. Contact with water, steam releases formic acid. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic, and possibly flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur)Waste disposal
Incineration; atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber.Einzelnachweise
Lee, Jae S., J. C. Kim, and Y. G. Kim. "Methyl formate as a new building block in C1 chemistry." Applied Catalysis 57.1 (1990): 1-30.Handa, Yash Paul, et al. "Insulating Thermoplastic Foams Made With Methyl Formate-Based Blowing Agents." (2006).
Methylformiat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
Methyl 2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzoate
2-Fluoropyridine-5-carboxaldehyde
Ethametsulfuron-methyl
Imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde
1,2,4-Triazol
Bensulfuron methyl
2-(N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)carbamoyl)-3-methyl-chinoxalin-1,4-dioxid
Methyl-2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoat
N,N-Dimethylformamid
1,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-(2-(2-thienyl)-ethenyl)pyrimidin,(E)-
2,3-Quinoline dicarboxylic acid
2-[2-[4-[(4-Ethoxyphenyl)methylamino]phenyl]vinyl]-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indoliumchlorid
1,3-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)harnstoff-4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-ol (1:1)
Ameisensure
Tribenuron methyl
5-methoxy-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4-ol ,97%
2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxypyrimidine
1-Formylhomopiperazine
Methyl-4-acetamido-5-chlor-o-anisat
3-(3,5-Dichlorphenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2,4-dion
3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate
Piperazin-1,4-dicarbaldehyd
4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2-methyl- (8CI,9CI)
2-Bromo-5-fomylthiazole
Dichlormethoxymethan
4-CHLORO-5-METHOXY-2-(METHYLSULFANYL)PYRIMIDINE
5-METHOXY-2-SULFANYL-4-PYRIMIDINOL
4-Morpholincarbaldehyd
N-Methylformamid
METSULFURON METHYL
3,5-DIFLUOROPYRIDINE-4-CARBALDEHYDE
5-ETHYL-2-THIOURACIL
Formamid
Methylformiat Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb H?ndler.
Global( 396)Lieferanten
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107-31-3(Methylformiat)Verwandte Suche:
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- acid-Me
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- methyle(formiatede)
- methyle(formiatede)(french)
- Methylester kyseliny mravenci
- methylesterkyselinymravenci
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- Methylformiat
- metil(formiatodi)
- Mravencan methylnaty
- mravencanmethylnaty
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- methyl form(I)ate
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