**Background of PPIB Antibody**
The PPIB (Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase B) antibody is a tool used to detect and study the PPIB protein, a member of the cyclophilin family of immunophilins. PPIB, also known as cyclophilin B, is a 22 kDa endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein that exhibits peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity, facilitating proper protein folding by catalyzing the cis-trans isomerization of proline residues. It plays a critical role in collagen biosynthesis by interacting with prolyl hydroxylase and serving as a chaperone for procollagen.
PPIB is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation, viral replication, and cancer progression. Its overexpression has been observed in certain cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer, where it may promote tumor cell survival and metastasis. Additionally, PPIB interacts with the ER stress response pathway and modulates calcium signaling.
The PPIB antibody is widely utilized in research applications, including Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, to investigate PPIB expression, localization, and function. It is also employed in studies exploring its role in diseases and potential therapeutic targeting. Commercially available PPIB antibodies are typically raised in rabbits or mice, validated for specificity against human, mouse, or rat PPIB isoforms. Understanding PPIB's molecular mechanisms through antibody-based assays contributes to insights into collagen-related disorders, cancer biology, and drug development.