CALB1 (Calbindin-D28k) is a calcium-binding protein belonging to the EF-hand superfamily, widely recognized for its role in regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis. Expressed predominantly in the central nervous system (CNS), including the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex, CALB1 buffers calcium ions, modulates neuronal excitability, and protects against calcium-induced cytotoxicity. It is also found in non-neural tissues like kidney, pancreas, and endocrine cells, where it participates in calcium signaling and cellular differentiation.
CALB1 antibodies are essential tools in neuroscience and biomedical research, enabling the detection and localization of CALB1 in tissues and cells via techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. These antibodies help identify CALB1-expressing neuronal subpopulations, such as Purkinje cells in the cerebellum or specific interneurons in the hippocampus, aiding studies on neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s), epilepsy, and neurodevelopmental disorders linked to calcium dysregulation.
Additionally, CALB1 antibodies are used in cancer research, as altered CALB1 expression is observed in tumors like neuroblastomas and colorectal cancers. Validated for specificity across human, mouse, and rat models, these antibodies support both basic research and clinical diagnostics. Their utility extends to developmental biology, where CALB1 expression patterns help map neuronal maturation and circuit formation. Reliable CALB1 detection remains critical for understanding calcium-mediated cellular processes and disease mechanisms.