The STX3 antibody targets syntaxin-3 (STX3), a member of the syntaxin family of SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins critical for intracellular membrane fusion events. STX3 is primarily localized to the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments, where it facilitates vesicle trafficking and exocytosis by forming complexes with other SNARE proteins like SNAP-25 and VAMP. It plays a pivotal role in polarized secretion in epithelial cells, neurotransmitter release in neurons, and immune cell functions. Dysregulation of STX3 has been linked to diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cancer, and neurological disorders, making it a focus of pathophysiological research.
STX3 antibodies are widely used in research to study protein expression, localization, and interaction partners. They are essential tools in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to visualize STX3 distribution in tissues or cultured cells. These antibodies also help elucidate STX3's role in cellular processes, such as apical trafficking in epithelial cells or synaptic vesicle fusion. Commercially available STX3 antibodies are often validated for specificity across species (human, mouse, rat) and come in various host formats (e.g., rabbit, mouse). Researchers rely on these antibodies to explore STX3's involvement in disease mechanisms, including its potential as a therapeutic target or biomarker in conditions like colorectal cancer or Crohn's disease.