The PTPN12 antibody is designed to target the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12), a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs play critical roles in regulating cellular signaling by dephosphorylating tyrosine residues on target proteins, thereby modulating processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and oncogenesis. PTPN12. also known as PTP-PEST, is a cytosolic phosphatase implicated in diverse cellular functions, including cytoskeletal remodeling, cell migration, and immune responses. It interacts with key signaling molecules, such as Src family kinases and focal adhesion proteins, to suppress oncogenic tyrosine kinase activity, positioning it as a potential tumor suppressor.
Research has linked PTPN12 dysregulation to cancer progression. For example, reduced PTPN12 expression or loss-of-function mutations have been observed in breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, correlating with enhanced cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Its tumor-suppressive role involves restraining oncogenic pathways like HER2/EGFR and Ras-MAPK signaling. The PTPN12 antibody is widely used in biomedical research to detect protein expression levels via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. It also aids in studying PTPN12's interactions with binding partners and its subcellular localization. Further exploration of PTPN12's mechanisms may uncover therapeutic strategies for cancers driven by tyrosine kinase hyperactivity or PTPN12 deficiency.