The leukotriene B4 receptor 2 (LTB4R2), also known as BLT2. is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a potent lipid mediator involved in inflammatory and immune responses. LTB4R2 shares structural homology with LTB4R1 (BLT1) but exhibits distinct ligand affinities and tissue distribution. While LTB4R1 primarily mediates pro-inflammatory effects, LTB4R2 is activated by lower concentrations of LTB4 and other lipid metabolites, such as 12(S)-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT), suggesting a broader regulatory role in homeostasis and disease. It is expressed in various tissues, including the skin, intestines, and immune cells.
Antibodies targeting LTB4R2 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in physiological and pathological contexts. They enable detection via techniques like immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. Research using these antibodies has linked LTB4R2 to inflammatory disorders (e.g., psoriasis, asthma), cancer progression (e.g., breast, colon cancer), and tissue repair mechanisms. Some studies suggest LTB4R2 may exert anti-inflammatory or pro-resolving effects under certain conditions, contrasting its classical inflammatory role. Commercial LTB4R2 antibodies are validated for specificity across species, supporting translational research and drug development targeting LTB4 signaling pathways. However, functional variability across cell types and disease models underscores the need for context-dependent interpretation of findings.