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Ginsenoside Rb1, a glycosylated PPD type ginsenoside with two sugars linked to C-3 and two sugars linked to C-20, is the major active constituent of American ginseng. Studies have demonstrated the anti-aging effects of ginsenoside Rb1 at both animal and cell levels. 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (20GPPD) is the major ingredient of ginsenoside Rb1, which has been shown to increase HAS2 expression by phosphorylating ERK and AKT signaling in human keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner in vitro.

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A major bioactive component of panax ginseng that promotes neurotransmitter release by modulating phosphorylation of synapsins through a cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. It has been reported to display immunostimulatory and anticancer effects.

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ChEBI: Ginsenoside Rb1 is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is ginsenoside Rd in which the beta-D-glucopyranoside group at position 20 is replaced by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside group. It has a role as a neuroprotective agent, an anti-obesity agent, an anti-inflammatory drug, an apoptosis inhibitor, a radical scavenger and a plant metabolite. It is a ginsenoside, a glycoside and a tetracyclic triterpenoid. It is functionally related to a ginsenoside Rd.

benefits

Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid mainly obtained from the roots or stems of Panax notoginseng and ginseng by extraction and purification. It is one of the main bioactive compounds of ginseng with minimal toxicity and neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects on brain injury. G-Rb1 promotes hippocampal nerve regeneration, enhances learning and memory, and has anti-aging and anti-fatigue effects. In addition, it activates antioxidants, stimulates the immune system, has anti-apoptotic activity, and maintains cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels[1].

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Ginsenoside Rb1 (Gypenoside Ⅲ) is a protopanaxadiol that has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity actions. Ginsenoside Rb1, a main constituent of the root of Panax ginseng, inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase activity with IC50 of 6.3±1.0 μM. Ginsenoside also inhibits IRAK-1 activation and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces the expressions of TLR3, TLR4 and TRAF-6, and down-regulates the levels of TNF-α, IFN-β and iNOS.

Safety Profile

Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Mutation data reported. Whenheated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

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