The TUG (Taurine Upregulated Gene) antibody targets a protein encoded by the TUG gene, initially identified for its upregulation by taurine in developing retinal cells. TUG protein plays a critical role in intracellular vesicle trafficking, particularly in the translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in response to insulin. This process is essential for cellular glucose uptake, linking TUG to metabolic regulation and insulin sensitivity. Structurally, TUG contains a conserved "TC motif" that interacts with other trafficking proteins, such as the SNARE complex, facilitating vesicle fusion. Research on TUG antibodies has advanced studies in diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndromes, as disrupted TUG function correlates with insulin resistance. Additionally, TUG is implicated in neuronal development and cancer, where altered expression affects cell proliferation and survival. The antibody serves as a vital tool for detecting TUG in tissues, elucidating its spatial expression and interaction networks. Recent studies also explore its role in autophagy and stress responses, broadening its relevance in pathophysiology. TUG antibodies thus underpin both basic mechanistic research and therapeutic exploration, highlighting their importance in understanding metabolic and degenerative diseases.