CRM1 (Chromosomal Region Maintenance 1), also known as Exportin-1 or XPO1. is a key nuclear export receptor responsible for transporting proteins and RNA molecules containing nuclear export signals (NES) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. It plays a critical role in regulating nucleocytoplasmic transport, cell cycle progression, and stress responses. Dysregulation of CRM1 is implicated in various cancers, where its overexpression leads to the aberrant cytoplasmic export of tumor suppressor proteins (e.g., p53. BRCA1) and oncogenic RNAs, promoting tumor survival and drug resistance.
CRM1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and interactions in cellular contexts. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to investigate CRM1's role in cancer biology and therapeutic targeting. In research, these antibodies help validate CRM1 inhibition strategies, such as small-molecule inhibitors (e.g., Selinexor/KPT-330), which block NES-binding pockets to restore nuclear retention of tumor suppressors.
Therapeutically, anti-CRM1 monoclonal antibodies are under exploration for direct inhibition or as delivery vehicles for cytotoxic agents in CRM1-overexpressing cancers. Recent studies also highlight their potential as biomarkers for predicting treatment response. Despite progress, challenges remain in optimizing antibody specificity and minimizing off-target effects. CRM1 antibodies thus represent both a research cornerstone and a promising avenue for targeted cancer therapies.