The OGG1 (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1) antibody is a crucial tool for studying DNA repair mechanisms, particularly base excision repair (BER). OGG1 is a glycosylase enzyme responsible for recognizing and excising 8-oxo-7.8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), a common oxidative DNA lesion caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This lesion is highly mutagenic, as it can mispair with adenine during replication, leading to G→T transversions. OGG1 initiates BER by cleaving the glycosidic bond of 8-oxoG, leaving an abasic site for subsequent repair steps. Its role in maintaining genomic stability links it to aging, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and other conditions associated with oxidative stress.
OGG1 antibodies are widely used to detect and quantify OGG1 protein expression in cells and tissues, enabling research on oxidative damage responses. They are employed in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to assess OGG1 localization (primarily nuclear, with some mitochondrial isoforms) and expression levels under varying oxidative conditions. Commercial OGG1 antibodies are often validated using knockout cell lines or recombinant proteins to ensure specificity. Researchers also utilize these antibodies to explore OGG1's regulatory mechanisms, post-translational modifications, and interactions with other repair proteins. Understanding OGG1 dynamics through antibody-based assays contributes to insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative DNA damage.