The 14-3-3 gamma antibody is a tool used to detect the 14-3-3γ protein, a member of the highly conserved 14-3-3 protein family. These proteins regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, signal transduction, and stress responses, by binding to phosphorylated serine/threonine residues on target proteins. The 14-3-3γ isoform shares structural homology with other family members, featuring characteristic amphipathic grooves for phosphopeptide interaction, but exhibits distinct expression patterns and functional roles. It is widely expressed in tissues, particularly the brain, and is implicated in neuronal development, DNA damage repair, and cancer progression. Dysregulation of 14-3-3γ has been linked to tumors (e.g., glioblastoma, lung cancer) and neurodegenerative diseases.
The antibody is critical in research for identifying 14-3-3γ in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. It helps elucidate the protein’s interactions, post-translational modifications, and disease associations. Notably, 14-3-3γ, along with other isoforms, is a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, though isoform-specific antibodies are essential to distinguish its unique contributions. Commercial antibodies vary in specificity; validation via knockout controls is recommended to avoid cross-reactivity with other 14-3-3 isoforms. Its utility spans basic research, diagnostics, and therapeutic target exploration.