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     Western blot analysis of GARS expression in (1) Jurkat cell lysate; (2) 293T cell lysate.    

  
  

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     All lanes use the Antibody at 1:1K dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.    

  
  

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human kidney, using GARS Antibody.    

  
  

**Background of GARS Antibodies**

GARS (glycyl-tRNA synthetase) antibodies are autoantibodies targeting the cytoplasmic enzyme glycyl-tRNA synthetase, which plays a critical role in protein synthesis by attaching glycine to its cognate tRNA. These antibodies are part of the family of anti-synthetase antibodies, associated with autoimmune disorders, particularly **anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS)**. ASS is characterized by clinical features such as myositis (muscle inflammation), interstitial lung disease (ILD), arthritis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and mechanic’s hands.

GARS antibodies are less common than other anti-synthetase antibodies (e.g., anti-Jo-1), but their presence is strongly linked to specific phenotypes. Patients with anti-GARS antibodies often exhibit prominent ILD and myositis, though symptoms can vary widely. The exact trigger for autoimmunity against GARS remains unclear, but genetic factors (e.g., HLA-DR alleles) and environmental exposures (e.g., viral infections) are hypothesized contributors.

Diagnostically, GARS antibodies aid in identifying ASS subtypes, guiding prognosis and treatment. Their detection often necessitates immunosuppressive therapies to manage progressive ILD or muscle involvement. Research continues to explore the pathogenic role of these antibodies, including potential direct tissue damage via molecular mimicry or immune complex deposition. Understanding GARS antibodies enhances precision in diagnosing and managing autoimmune syndromes with diverse clinical manifestations.