The HSH2D (Hematopoietic SH2 Domain-Containing) protein, encoded by the *HSH2D* gene, is a signaling adaptor molecule predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, including T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells. It contains an N-terminal SH2 domain, which facilitates interactions with phosphorylated tyrosine residues in signaling pathways, and a C-terminal region implicated in protein-protein interactions. HSH2D plays a regulatory role in immune cell activation and homeostasis, particularly in modulating T cell receptor (TCR) and cytokine receptor signaling. Studies suggest its involvement in fine-tuning immune responses to prevent excessive activation or autoimmunity.
Antibodies targeting HSH2D are valuable tools for investigating its expression, localization, and function in immune regulation. They enable detection via techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Dysregulation of HSH2D has been linked to immune disorders, including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-like syndromes and autoimmune conditions, highlighting its clinical relevance. Research using HSH2D antibodies has also explored its interaction with downstream effectors, such as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK8. shedding light on mechanisms underlying immune cell migration and signaling. These antibodies are critical for advancing understanding of HSH2D's role in immunity and its potential as a therapeutic target.