Calpain 10 (CAPN10) is a member of the calpain family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases, which play roles in intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. Discovered through genome-wide association studies, CAPN10 gained attention due to its link to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Specific polymorphisms, such as SNP-43. in the CAPN10 gene are associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, insulin resistance, and metabolic disorders, though its exact mechanisms remain under investigation. CAPN10 antibodies are essential tools for studying the protein’s expression, localization, and function in these contexts.
These antibodies are typically developed using immunogenic peptides or recombinant CAPN10 proteins and are validated for applications like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Researchers use them to explore CAPN10’s tissue-specific expression, interaction with other proteins (e.g., calpastatin), and role in cellular processes like mitochondrial function or insulin secretion. Commercial CAPN10 antibodies are available as monoclonal or polyclonal variants from suppliers like Santa Cruz Biotechnology and Abcam.
Studies employing CAPN10 antibodies have provided insights into its paradoxical roles—both protective and detrimental—in metabolic diseases. For example, altered CAPN10 levels correlate with β-cell dysfunction and adipose tissue inflammation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. However, variability in antibody specificity and cross-reactivity with other calpain isoforms (e.g., CAPN1/2) necessitates careful experimental validation to ensure data reliability. Overall, CAPN10 antibodies remain critical for unraveling the protein’s contribution to diabetes pathogenesis and metabolic dysregulation.