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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human tonsil tissue using P12653(GRM4 Antibody) at dilution 1/25. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

The GRM4 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and analyze the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4), encoded by the GRM4 gene. As a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, mGluR4 plays a critical role in modulating synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability by responding to glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. GRM4 receptors are predominantly expressed in presynaptic terminals, where they inhibit neurotransmitter release via downstream signaling pathways, contributing to synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. Dysregulation of GRM4 has been implicated in neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, anxiety, and schizophrenia, making it a target for therapeutic exploration.

The GRM4 antibody is widely used in neuroscience research to study receptor localization, expression levels, and functional interactions in both physiological and pathological contexts. It enables techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to visualize receptor distribution in tissues or cultured cells. Validated antibodies are essential for ensuring specificity, particularly given the structural similarities among mGluR subtypes. Recent studies utilizing GRM4 antibodies have advanced understanding of its role in modulating cAMP and calcium signaling, as well as its potential as a drug target for neurological disorders. Continued development of high-affinity, selective GRM4 antibodies remains vital for unraveling its complex roles in brain function and disease mechanisms.