The DEFB4A antibody targets human beta-defensin 2 (hBD-2), encoded by the DEFB4A gene, a member of the β-defensin family. These antimicrobial peptides play critical roles in innate immunity, particularly at epithelial surfaces. hBD-2 is primarily produced by keratinocytes, respiratory, and gastrointestinal cells in response to microbial pathogens or proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses by disrupting microbial membranes and recruiting immune cells. DEFB4A/hBD-2 is also implicated in inflammatory skin disorders (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis) and cancer progression. Antibodies against DEFB4A are widely used in research to study its expression patterns, localization, and regulatory mechanisms via techniques such as immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA. Commercial DEFB4A antibodies are typically developed in rabbits or mice using synthetic peptides or recombinant proteins as immunogens. Validation often includes knockout cell lines or tissue controls to confirm specificity. Research applications span immunology, dermatopathology, and infectious disease studies, with therapeutic potential in modulating antimicrobial responses or inflammation. Recent studies also explore its role in COVID-19 severity and tumor microenvironment interactions.