**Background of CTBP1 Antibody**
CTBP1 (C-terminal-binding protein 1) is a transcriptional co-repressor that plays a critical role in regulating gene expression by interacting with various transcription factors, including E1A, Polycomb group proteins, and histone-modifying enzymes. It is involved in diverse cellular processes, such as apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CTBP1 functions by recruiting chromatin-modifying complexes (e.g., histone deacetylases or methyltransferases) to repress target genes, often in a NAD+-dependent manner due to its dehydrogenase-like structural domain. Dysregulation of CTBP1 is linked to cancer progression, metabolic disorders, and neurological diseases.
CTBP1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and interactions in cells and tissues. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to investigate CTBP1's role in transcriptional repression, tumorigenesis, and metabolic signaling. Specific antibodies can distinguish between CTBP1 isoforms (CTBP1-L and CTBP1-S) or post-translational modifications, aiding research into its regulatory mechanisms. These antibodies have also been employed in cancer studies to explore CTBP1's association with poor prognosis and metastasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.