**Background of TNFRSF8 Antibodies**
TNFRSF8. also known as CD30. is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and functions as a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed on activated T cells, B cells, and certain neoplastic cells, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). It interacts with its ligand CD30L (CD153) to regulate immune responses, cell proliferation, and apoptosis through signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK.
Antibodies targeting TNFRSF8 (anti-CD30) have significant diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In diagnostics, they are used to identify CD30-positive lymphomas via immunohistochemistry, aiding in subtype classification. Therapeutically, anti-CD30 antibodies are engineered as conjugated agents. Brentuximab vedotin, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), delivers cytotoxic drugs selectively to CD30-expressing cancer cells, showing efficacy in relapsed/refractory HL and systemic ALCL.
Research also explores anti-CD30 antibodies in immunotherapy, including bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, to enhance tumor targeting. Additionally, CD30's role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases is under investigation, with potential for modulating pathogenic immune responses.
Despite progress, challenges remain, such as variable CD30 expression in tumors and managing treatment resistance. Ongoing studies aim to optimize antibody design and combination therapies, underscoring TNFRSF8's importance as a versatile biomarker and therapeutic target in oncology and immunology.