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     Western blot analysis of PHD1 in (1) HeLa cell lysate; (2) A549 cell lysate.    

  
  

**Background of PHD1/Prolyl Hydroxylase Antibody**

PHD1 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 1), also known as EGLN2 or HIF-PH2. is a member of the prolyl hydroxylase family that regulates cellular oxygen sensing. It catalyzes the hydroxylation of specific proline residues on hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-α), marking it for proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This process is critical in maintaining oxygen homeostasis. Unlike its isoforms (PHD2 and PHD3), PHD1 exhibits distinct tissue expression patterns, with higher levels in metabolically active tissues like the liver, adipose, and testes, suggesting roles beyond HIF regulation, including fatty acid metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) management.

Antibodies targeting PHD1 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in both physiological and pathological contexts. They enable detection of endogenous PHD1 in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF). Research applications include investigating PHD1's involvement in diseases like cancer, ischemic disorders, and metabolic syndromes. For instance, PHD1 inhibition has been explored to stabilize HIF-α in tumors or ischemic tissues, promoting angiogenesis and adaptive survival. However, cross-reactivity with other PHD isoforms remains a challenge, emphasizing the need for antibody validation. High-quality PHD1 antibodies are pivotal for elucidating its tissue-specific roles and therapeutic potential in hypoxia-related pathways.