RHOV (Ras homolog family member V) is a small GTPase belonging to the Rho family, which regulates cytoskeletal dynamics, cell adhesion, migration, and signaling pathways. Unlike classical Rho proteins (e.g., RhoA, Rac1), RHOV exhibits unique expression patterns and functions. It is highly expressed in keratinocytes and plays roles in skin development, wound healing, and hair follicle cycling. Recent studies also implicate RHOV in cancer progression, particularly in melanoma, lung, and breast cancers, where it may promote invasion and metastasis by modulating cell motility or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
RHOV antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and mechanistic roles. They enable detection via techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Commercial antibodies typically target specific epitopes within RHOV's conserved GTP-binding domain or variable C-terminal regions. Validation includes testing in RHOV-knockout cells or tissues to confirm specificity.
Research using RHOV antibodies has revealed context-dependent roles: while it acts as an oncogene in some cancers, it may suppress tumor growth in others. Challenges remain in understanding its regulation and downstream effectors. Reliable antibodies are critical for resolving these complexities and exploring RHOV's potential as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target.