Selenoprotein P (SELENOP), encoded by the *SELENOP* gene, is a secreted glycoprotein primarily synthesized in the liver and widely expressed in vertebrates. It serves as a key transporter of selenium (Se), delivering this essential trace element to peripheral tissues via receptor-mediated endocytosis. SELENOP contains multiple selenocysteine residues, enabling it to function in antioxidant defense and redox regulation. Its role in maintaining systemic selenium homeostasis makes it critical for cellular functions, including thyroid hormone metabolism, immune response, and neurological health.
SELENOP antibodies are immunological tools developed to detect, quantify, or study the protein’s expression, localization, and interactions. These antibodies are pivotal in research on selenium-related pathologies, such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders, where SELENOP dysregulation is implicated. For instance, elevated SELENOP levels are linked to insulin resistance, while deficiencies correlate with neurological impairments. Commercially available SELENOP antibodies (polyclonal or monoclonal) are validated for techniques like ELISA, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Species-specific variants (human, mouse, rat) enable cross-disciplinary studies. Challenges include ensuring specificity due to SELENOP’s multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications. Recent advances in antibody engineering, such as recombinant antibodies, enhance sensitivity for low-abundance SELENOP detection in clinical samples. As a potential biomarker for selenium status and disease progression, SELENOP antibodies hold promise for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.