S100A6. a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, is implicated in diverse cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and disease pathogenesis. It is encoded by the *S100A6* gene (also known as calcyclin) and interacts with intracellular targets like annexins, calmodulin, and tubulin, modulating calcium signaling and cytoskeletal dynamics. S100A6 is highly expressed in certain tissues (e.g., fibroblasts, epithelial cells) and is upregulated in pathological conditions such as cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. Its dysregulation has been linked to tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in cancers like pancreatic, colorectal, and melanoma, making it a potential biomarker or therapeutic target.
Antibodies against S100A6 are essential tools for detecting and quantifying the protein in research and diagnostics. Polyclonal antibodies, raised in hosts like rabbits or goats, offer broad epitope recognition but may exhibit cross-reactivity with other S100 proteins. Monoclonal antibodies, generated via hybridoma technology, provide higher specificity for defined epitopes. These antibodies are validated for techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and ELISA. Applications include studying S100A6's role in disease mechanisms, cellular localization, and interaction networks. However, variability in antibody performance (e.g., sensitivity, batch consistency) necessitates rigorous validation using controls like knockout cells or recombinant proteins. Commercially available S100A6 antibodies are widely used in oncology and neurology research, aiding in biomarker discovery and mechanistic studies. Ongoing efforts focus on optimizing antibody specificity and developing clinical-grade reagents for diagnostic or therapeutic use.