**Background of GNA12 Antibody**
GNA12 (Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein Subunit Alpha-12) is a member of the Gα12/13 subfamily of heterotrimeric G-protein α-subunits, which transduce signals from G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to regulate diverse cellular processes, including cytoskeletal remodeling, cell migration, and proliferation. GNA12 interacts with Rho GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) to modulate RhoA/ROCK signaling pathways, influencing cell adhesion, motility, and oncogenic transformation. Dysregulation of GNA12 is implicated in cancer progression, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological diseases.
Antibodies targeting GNA12 are critical tools for studying its expression, localization, and functional roles. They are commonly used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) to investigate GNA12-mediated signaling in physiological and pathological contexts. Specific GNA12 antibodies are validated for species reactivity (e.g., human, mouse, rat) and application-specific compatibility. Researchers rely on these antibodies to explore GNA12's contribution to tumor invasiveness, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance, as well as its interactions with downstream effectors. High-quality GNA12 antibodies ensure specificity, often verified via knockout controls, supporting their utility in both basic research and translational studies aimed at targeting GNA12-related pathways for disease intervention.