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     Gel: 12%SDS-PAGE, Lysate: 40 μg, Lane 1-3: Mouse heart tissue, Human heart tissue, Rat heart tissue lysates, Primary antibody: P06536(PLN Antibody) at dilution 1/500, Secondary antibody: Goat anti rabbit IgG at 1/5000 dilution, Exposure time: 10 seconds    

  
  

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human brain tissue using P06536(PLN Antibody) at dilution 1/25. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

**Background of PLN Antibodies**

Phospholamban (PLN) is a critical regulatory protein in cardiac and skeletal muscle, primarily modulating calcium cycling in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). It acts as an inhibitor of the SR calcium ATPase (SERCA2a), a pump responsible for resequestering calcium during muscle relaxation. When unphosphorylated, PLN binds to SERCA2a, reducing its activity and delaying calcium uptake. Upon phosphorylation (e.g., via β-adrenergic signaling), PLN dissociates, enhancing SERCA2a function and promoting faster calcium reuptake, thereby improving myocardial relaxation and contractility.

PLN dysfunction is linked to cardiomyopathies, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Mutations in the *PLN* gene, such as the R14del variant, are associated with inherited dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic disorders. Antibodies targeting PLN are vital tools in research and diagnostics. They enable the detection of PLN expression levels, phosphorylation status (e.g., at Ser16 or Thr17), and localization in tissues via techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. These antibodies help elucidate PLN's role in disease mechanisms, evaluate therapeutic interventions (e.g., gene therapy targeting SERCA2a/PLN), and validate experimental models. Commercial PLN antibodies are typically validated for specificity across species, including human, mouse, and rat, supporting translational research in cardiovascular biology.