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     Gel: 12%SDS-PAGE, Lysate: 40 μg, Lane: HepG2 cell lysate, Primary antibody: P12669(PRH2 Antibody) at dilution 1/400, Secondary antibody: Goat anti rabbit IgG at 1/5000 dilution, Exposure time: 2 minutes    

  
  

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human liver cancer tissue using P12669(PRH2 Antibody) at dilution 1/60. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

TCIM antibody, a novel therapeutic agent in immuno-oncology, has emerged from research targeting tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation. It was developed to address the limitations of existing immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1/PD-L1 blockers, which show variable efficacy across cancer types. TCIM specifically interacts with a transmembrane protein expressed on immunosuppressive cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are key contributors to immune evasion in solid tumors.

Preclinical studies reveal that TCIM antibody disrupts intercellular signaling pathways that sustain immunosuppressive networks within the TME. By blocking these interactions, it promotes cytotoxic T-cell infiltration while reducing Treg activity, effectively "rebalancing" the immune landscape. This dual mechanism differentiates it from single-target checkpoint inhibitors. Early-phase clinical trials (2020-2023) in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma demonstrated enhanced antitumor responses when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy, with manageable toxicity profiles. Challenges remain in identifying predictive biomarkers and optimizing dosing schedules to minimize autoimmune-related adverse events. Current research focuses on its potential in "cold" tumors typically resistant to immunotherapy, positioning TCIM as a promising candidate for combination treatment strategies in next-generation cancer immunotherapy.