The CATSPER3 antibody is a specialized tool used to detect and study the CATSPER3 protein, a key component of the CATSPER (Cation Channel of Sperm) family. CATSPER channels are sperm-specific, pH-sensitive calcium channels essential for sperm hyperactivation, motility, and fertilization. Among the four pore-forming subunits (CATSPER1–4), CATSPER3 forms heteromeric complexes with CATSPER1. 2. and 4. creating a functional calcium channel localized to the sperm principal piece. This channel regulates intracellular calcium influx, driving sperm tail movement and capacitation.
CATSPER3 antibodies are primarily employed in reproductive biology research to investigate male infertility mechanisms, as mutations or dysfunction in CATSPER3 are linked to impaired sperm function and sterility. These antibodies enable protein localization via immunofluorescence, expression analysis through Western blotting, and functional studies in genetically modified models. Their specificity is critical for distinguishing CATSPER3 from other CATSPER subunits and non-target proteins.
Recent studies also explore CATSPER3's potential as a contraceptive target due to its sperm-specific role. Commercial CATSPER3 antibodies are typically raised in rabbits or mice, validated for reactivity in human, mouse, or rat samples. Proper validation using knockout controls ensures reliability in experimental settings, aiding advancements in understanding sperm physiology and therapeutic development.